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2023 Cable News Network. Rick Francis, county Clerk of Southhampton County, is a descendant of a white slave-owning family that sustained significant losses in Turner's revolt. Wonderful site.. When the white supremacists chanted blood and soil in honor of a Confederate general in Charlottesville this weekend, they were invoking me and people like me. Half brother of Abraham Boykin; John Boykin; James Alexander Boykin; Susanna Boykin and Francis "Frank" Boykin. His former home has been transformed into the John Rutledge House Inn. The video above was produced by Ann Silvio and Lisa Orlando, and edited by Lisa Orlando. His grandfather John Gentry Madison got into horse racing after retiring from his career as a politician and real estate developer. In the 1840 Census, he shows having 31 slaves. Location - Sumter County. Buildings. (LogOut/ He owned land in Randolph/Stewart County and in Muscogee County, GA, as well as Russell, Barbour, Macon, and Lee counties in Alabama. She was on hand as her husband, former U.S. Sen. James Chesnut . They are descendants of one of the citys earliest settlers, Soloman Legare. there was a Ridda BURNEY living with The Boykins were part of a large and prominent Southern family with branches in South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama. Not one but two plantations were owned by the Drayton family of South Carolina: Drayton Hall and Magnolia Plantation and Gardens. 1800 Slave Owners 1. Murphy, History and Genealogy of the Boykin Family, Mrs. Robert Neal Murphy and Bernard Carter Boykin, Richmond, VA, 1964. His vast . Creek, in the present County of Florence., Boykin petition for another tract of 200 acres on the n/s of adjoin lands of John Bentley. seventh vice president of the United States, grandfather Rembert C. Dennis served as a legislator in the South Carolina Senate, served in the South Carolina Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives, related to James Bond creator Ian Fleming, related to the Boykin family through his paternal grandmother, dog was originally bred by South Carolina hunters, the first female athlete to be featured on the cover of, fourth Triple Crown winner in history, War Admiral, according to Gentry Bourbon's official website. Ellas Grandmother Caroline ODOM was living So had Anne Gwaltney married to Edward Boykin I, however more recently it Josiah Watts Company, Carson Reg. Depends on whose descendants you ask. Create your free profile and get access to exclusive content. Some 80 people came to Saturdays workshop, including Gale Carter, a high school history teacher who flew in from East Chicago, Indiana for the event. Although listed with no names, they include a black male, 26; mulatto female, 25; black male, 14; black male, 4; mulatto male, 3; and a mulatto male, 1. Charleston's iconic Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge is named after Thomas' dad. Drive or bike across the Ravenel Bridge to Mount Pleasant and youll get one of the best water views in Charleston. In the early 2000s, the Brewers restored the slave cabin and also located the foundation of an additional cabin . In 2015, the Economic Policy Institute found that black people are twice as likely to be unemployed as whites, regardless of their level of education. So you may not know you have Virginia ancestors, but you could.. The Boykins are so steeped in South Carolina's history that there's a town named after the family about 90 minutes north of Charleston. of Caroline ODOM. Mr. Crawford 3-Martha Boykin mar. Getty Images. From the 1870 census (in which all persons were named), proceed backwards to the 1860 and 1850 slave schedules that list, under the name of the owner, each slave only by sex, specific age, and color. 1859. Most slaves were by their owners design and eventually by law forbidden to learn how to read and write, so they didnt leave us material that so many figures in the past did, Levengood said. Chesnut's writing is valued for its revealing personal anecdotes and candid opinions that reflect a strong support for women's rights and the abolition of slavery. Although we all want to believe we come from honest, hard-working people, even the poorest of our early European American ancestors had an upper hand over their contemporaries who had dark skin, particularly for employment opportunities. Women were slave owners. Middleton Place is one of Charlestons most visited plantations. This dog was originally bred by South Carolina hunters, according to the American Kennel Club's website. Thomas Boykin-one slave (NC Rev. Boykin Spaniels have adorably floppy, feathery, long, flat ears. It is believed that London and his family were transported to Alabama by Elizabeth Boykin Hunter. Prior to the insurrection, slave owners actually believed that the slaves were happy in their condition, he says. the only ODOM (or variant) slave owner on the Was Nat Turner a hero? It reminds me of Lucy and her children, six-year-old Hannah and four-year-old George, and what we owe their descendants. I need to know my history, she said, adding the site may help her prove or disprove many of the things shes heard about her familys past. Basic Information. He was also a congressman in 1791. Earlierresearch 1818 in Putnam County of GA.(Putnam boarders noth Baldwin County). So Shep's pedigree makes his decision to be a reality star even more amazing. After fighting for the Confederacy, Samuel McAlister received a position as postmastera prestigious role singling him out as one of the few literate men in his town. Its a model and I hope the rest of the states catch up real quickly.. The database features a public message board, filled with notes posted by users searching for ancestors who may have been slaves. In each of the documents some of the same (or similar) names appear and reappear. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents . Judge J. Waties Waring was a U.S. District Judge, who was appointed in 1942. Anderson had always presumed his family would have been too poor to own slaves. Does ayone have the Redmond Boykin Kemper Co Ms Boykins? Bob age 25 in 1839 could be the same as Bobb age 26 here. She is a direct descendant of John C. Calhoun (pictured above) on her mother's side, the seventh vice president of the United States under Presidents John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. . Edward was a to Mr. Agee and then allowed Mr. Turner to take Mimy as he owned her husband. Primarily the papers of Thomas Adams (1730-1788), merchant of Richmond, Va., and Slave lists covered here are 1800, 1810, 1820, 1850 and 1860. Create a free profile to get unlimited access to exclusive videos, sweepstakes, and more! County with his wife Georgia Ann and children. But these people were writing down their inventory as if you would for insurance purposes. I was disgusted as I read Enochs will. Caroline a girl sixteen or seventeen Green a man twenty one or twenty two Peter a man about seventeen and Wilson and their increase from this date in ti[me] to & for the sale and separate use and benefit of my daughter Mrs Clara Billups and her heirs. The breed was reportedly developed by Shep's family in the early 1900s. Sometimes its a real detective work. The slave owners from 1800 to 1820 were among the first settlers into Henderson County. Cites: Wills of Isle of Wight Co., VA, Book 3, p . Whitney's late stepfather Edward Stitt Fleming was a relative of James Bond Creator Ian Fleming. The collection contains Affidavits and Applications for Registrations, 1759-1760 and 1816-1853; Apprentice Indentures, 1820-1860; Certificates of Freedom, 1853-1854 (photocopies); Certificates of Importation and Non-Importation of Slaves, 1790-1816; Free Negro Lists, 1791-1860; Free Negro Registrations, 1808 . Pinckney is another name youll see time and again in Charleston. Boykin's father Winborne ODOM was listed on the 1820 Census of Putnam County, with wife, a son and daughter under age 10, and 27 slaves. When he opened the shed and asked, 'Have you learned your lesson?' Sandy took a hoe and beat Burwell to death. White supremacists and Confederate apologists want other white people to join them in their half-baked fantasies of the antebellum Southplantations with white columns, dirt roads framed with Spanish moss, hoop skirts and mint juleps. Traditional information says that the slave "Sham" was subsequently lynched by family members. Chesnut, Mary Boykin (1823-1886) Southern intellectual, socialite, and candid diarist of the American Civil War. Francis questions whether a desire to end slavery is what motivated Turner to kill. Shep is the nephew of former SC Department of Public Safety director, B. Boykin Rose. Click here to visit Voted in the 10 best: Charlestons Hidden Alleyways and Passages. I suspect Ebin Nearly every one of the negros were satisfied as they were bought by people in the country mostly, going ahead of the prices given by the traders, Cabell wrote his wife. named William BURNEY , He was also a signer of the Constitution. 2-Ann Boykin mar. Arthur Allen sold him 525 acres at Blackwater Aug.9, 1692. His second son, James Boykin, born in 1792 in Kershaw County, SC, was my four-greats . What I Learned from My Slaveholding Ancestors, How to Help After Earthquake Hits Turkey, Syria, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. Transcriptions of both free and slave schedules. A woman by the Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The cultivation of cotton was well suited to the South because a. it had so many slaves b. of its climate and geography c. it did not have many towns or cities d. rainfall there was above average, Which of the following restrictions were placed on the 260,000 free blacks by 1860? That means many American families with slave ancestors could have roots in Virginia, Levengood said. The remarkable joint interview is featured on this weeks 60 Minutes Overtime web show (watch in the player above). During his time as state senator, Rembert would go on to become the chair of the Finance Committee in 1972 and president pro tempore in 1984. They moved Microfilm reels C001 and C321. Edward Boykin, b. This dog was originally bred by South Carolina hunters, according to the American Kennel Club's website. Caroline was one of his slaves, While the online website is intuitive on how to use, the workshops are being held for users who need more guidance, Levengood said. He is the son of Arthur Ravenel Jr., who served in the South Carolina Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives. Georgia, she was age 57 living with my Sandy took a hoe and beat William McInnis: COURT RECORDS; Herringdine, Thomas 1787-1789: Dec 2007: Kermit Smith: LAND & DEEDS RECORDS; Adams & Parker, Et Al - Montgomery, David March 1, 1827 . Another famous Charleston family in politics, the Calhouns are descendants of the seventh vice president of the U.S., John Caldwell Calhoun (who served under presidents John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson). Oct., 1755, one to Henry Boykin of 100 acres on the south fork of Lucy and her children stand out in his will as the only family that appears mostly intact, suggesting they may have received different treatment. About 1829, James Boykin moved from Milledgeville to the Chattahoochee Valley area. Nat Turner changed that.. Its possible Enoch raped Lucy and fathered her children, whom he then enslaved. Father of Solomon Boykin; Alexander Boykin; Burwell Boykin, Jr.; Briney Boykin; Jesse Boykin and 2 others. Thomas Boykin. Whats more, one of Boykins slaves murdered him with a farm tool. According to a report from the Institute for Policy Studies, it would take black families 228 years to accumulate the wealth that white families have today. are conflicting dates and records for Edward Boykin, He is memorialized in a life-size statue at the Hollings Judicial Center in Downtown. He fought in the Revolutionary War and then moved his family about 1800 to what would become Baldwin County, GA, just south of Milledgeville. Bloomsbury--now a bed and breakfast popular with students in town for The Buckley School's Executive Seminar--was visited frequently by Mary Boykin Chesnut. slaves. Smalls served in the Union Navy. Jeanette had the following children by 1870: 1. Cooper, Samuel Boykin, and James son-in-law, J.R. Jones, all cosigned the document. I still benefit from the generational wealth and education that my ancestors stole from black people. One writer opens up about her ancestor's crimesand vows to do better. Cooper's ancestor, Burwell Boykin, owned a slave, Sandy Boykin, who tried to run away. The 1850 U.S. Federal Census Slave Schedules report that Hollie owned six enslaved people. Got me excited. . Get browser notifications for breaking news, live events, and exclusive reporting. This video is private. (Will in back of book). It is also possible that Henderson, Emily, and Lewis, are the same, although the last two have wider age differences. Lynches Creek, the other of 100 acres to Edward Boykin on Jeffreys Also, in the same 1850 U.S. Federal Census Slave Schedule, her son William R. He was listed as the only ODOM (or variant) slave owner on the 1850 and 1860 Georgia Slave Schedule in Putnam County. Slavery was eventually abolished at the conclusion of the Civil War in 1865. South Carolina Postcards By Davie Beard - scroll down to second picture slaves. You have to read between the lines: Oh, they mention Amy in a letter, and then you have to read another letter in the collection to realize that Amy is a slave and not a family member, Levengood said. His son Thomas Ravenel is also a politician. . Caroline died Until 1835, her family lived at Mount Pleasant, a plantation owned by her paternal . Francis says at least 17 of his family . They had already lost their families and would have had no money or education. Boykin Bennett ODOM is the last slave owner The database, which went online last September with 1,500 names, sets itself apart from the few other existing slave databases which limit themselves to specific plantations or to ship manifests that list the captives by their native African names, society officials said. You can still visit the 60 acres of gardens in addition to the plantation house. After the Civil War, Robert E. Lee personally advised his son to only hire other whites, writing: You will never prosper with blacks. . Eyes. Boykin, the first of his family in Virginia, is said to have been born and asked, 'Have you learned your lesson?' BENNETT both of North Carolina. Boykin, also known as Gee's Bend, is an African American majority community and census-designated place in a large bend of the Alabama River in Wilcox County, Alabama. There "The character in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald named Jordan Baker, that's my great aunt. (53124) GENEALOGICAL NOTES Bagby Family. From Aiken to Boone to Ravenel to Rutledge, many of Charlestons homes, streets and structures are named after these famous families. See all of the Charmers' past histories in these throwback pics, below. 2. The first Middleton to emigrate to South Carolina was Edward Middleton in 1768. In the 1840 Census, he shows having 31 Learn how your comment data is processed. It's no wonder this Southern Charm gent has many artistic endeavors of his own. Record includes a typed . Sarah . District and were neighbors. Due to the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access to certain materials may require additional advance notice. Our material, social, and political interests are naturally with the whites.. After the war, he returned to Beaufort and purchased the house where he was born (previously owned by his former master) and opened a school for African Americans. CNN Sans & 2016 Cable News Network. If the extent to which he seems . His parents were Winborne ODOM and Mary Free Negro & Slave Records. Thomas' family history even traces back to the French Huguenots who arrived in what was then known as Charles Town in 1686, according to an interview Arthur did with Mount Pleasant Magazine. . Updated The Virginia Historical Society finds 3,200 slaves named in private documents, The unpublished documents are from Virginians' attics, basements and desk drawers, "We sold all the negros 43 in number at astonishingly large prices," an 1858 letter says, One user of the society's free database of slaves finds the owner of his great-great-great-grandfather. Charless son Thomas was a decorated Revolutionary War hero and governor of South Carolina in 1787. Madison County Alabama Slave Owners. It is possible that some individuals had come from Kershaw County, SC, when the Boykins moved to Georgia about 1800. If you use this information, please cite this blog post as you would any source in your research: Citation: Rachel Dobson, The Names of Enslaved People Belonging to James Boykin and his Family in Documents from 1839 to 1846, URL: https://genealogyhomebrew.wordpress.com/2018/04/30/enslaved-people-of-james-boykin-1839-1846, accessed [date]. He was a lawyer and politician eight years her senior. Sometimes, they have white patches on their chests, adding a dash of panache to this sturdy companion's confident bearing. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Rose's uncle is B. Boykin Rose and he is a famous community leader in Charleston. .css-o05pt{display:block;font-family:Didot,Didot-fallback,Georgia,Times,serif;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0rem;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-shadow:0 0 0 #000,0 0 0.01em transparent;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-o05pt:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-o05pt{font-size:1.18581rem;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:0.25rem;margin-top:0.625rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-o05pt{line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-o05pt{font-size:1.23488rem;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:0.5rem;margin-top:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-o05pt{font-size:1.39461rem;line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.9375rem;}}How to Help After Earthquake Hits Turkey, Syria, "Trans Lives Matter" Protest at Oklahoma Capitol, VP Harris Calls for Reform at Tyre Nichols Funeral, 5 Police Officers Charged for Tyre Nichols's Death, California Mass Shootings Spark Gun Control Debate, Biden Awards Citizens Medal to Jan. 6 Heroes, FDA Rule Could Expand Access to Abortion Pills, Brittney Griner Returning to WNBA This Season, Brittney Griner's Return Is Just the Beginning, Biden Signs Historic Same-Sex Marriage Bill, Brittney Griners Wife Shares Photos After Return. land in the Quit Rents of 1704. The legacy of white supremacy is that black Americans continue to be deprived of opportunities, hurting them and a nation that needs their talents and contributions to thrive. Kathryn's family has also been extremely political on her father's side. Rick Francis, county Clerk of Southhampton County, is a descendant of a white slave-owning family that sustained significant losses in Turners revolt. The Southern Charm crew is made up of the who's who of Charleston, South Carolina, and they definitely have a way of always being the talk of the town. In either case I am having a hard time locating a will of Dr. Samuel BOYKIN in Muscogee County and I even if Wiborne ODOM was the last owner a will wont help me if he died in 1874! Papers of an important Dallas County, Alabama, planter family, including correspondence, household and plantation records, materials regarding James Boykins cavalry unit during the Civil War, and papers of Boykin's descendants down to the mid-twentieth century. One of his stepdads, Edward Stitt Fleming, was a Washington, D.C.-based psychiatrist who founded the Psychiatric Institute of Washington and the Psychiatric Institutes of America in the late 1960s, according to his 1997 obituary in The Washington Post. corrected on 19 Aug. 2004. The dog breed, the Boykin spaniel . Hugh Swinton Legare was a U.S. Representative and South Carolina state attorney general in the 1800s. Her grandfather Rembert C. Dennis served as a legislator in the South Carolina Senate from 1943 until he retired in 1998. He held the position of the . After winning races across the country, he eventually got a horse that was said to have a bloodline that could be traced back to the fourth Triple Crown winner in history, War Admiral, and bestowed the Gentry name upon him, according to Gentry Bourbon's official website. In 1820 Putnam County, page 92 I find: ODONE, Wiburn 1 male under 10 (Boykin b. a. curfews said that all blacks must be off the . This was good for me, however. in Brunswick County not bequeathed already. 15 Apr. Bruce Turner, a retired computer analyst, says Nat Turner is his great-great-great grandfather. The Boykin family of Camden, S.C., included Alexander Hamilton Boykin (1815-1866), cotton planter, state legislator, and Confederate officer. James Boykin (8 August 1823 - 13 July 1907), was one of six sons of Francis Boykin (1785-1839) and Mary Darrington James Boykin (1795-1854), who arrived in Alabama from Camden, South Carolina, about 1818. appreciated. The dog breed, the Boykin spaniel (the state dog of South Carolina) is also named after the family. Caroline was one of his slaves, and when . 10, "Cooper's ancestor, Burwell Boykin, owned a slave, Sandy Boykin, who tried to run away. As I looked through census records and other documents, I found a transcript of his will. Hes hoping his 12 grandchildren can benefit from his work. May, 1827 to Isham W. SHERLING/SHIRLING in Putnam The Boykin Spaniel is the state dog and it gets its name from Rose's family. Anderson Cooper put the question to them both: Is Nat Turner a hero? Ninety-eight years after his death, many of his descendantsincluding my immediate familyare college-educated. Youll hear the stories of these families and more on our Alleys and Hidden Passages and Historic Downtown Tour. The Boykin family also has a dog named after it: the Boykin spaniel. Burwell to death. ykin, William Boykin, Zilpha Boykin, Abraham Boykin, John Boykin, James Alexander Boykin, Sr., Susanna Boykin, Francis "frank" ary Boykin, Jesse Boykin, Abraham Boykin, William Boykin, Zilpha Boykin, John Boykin, James Alexander Boykin, Susanna Boykin, Francis Boykin, Solomon Boykin, Unknown Boykin (born Judith). In the 1860 census, her father, P.R. By 1880 Charles BURNEY is back in Putnam This series contains correspondence, records for medical expenses for his household and plantation, domestic and business expenditures, and records of cotton sales. Magnolia Plantation was passed down through the Drayton family, and the gardens were enhanced by Rev. It was no longer for sale in January 2017 ( 3 ). Nicholas Cobb sold Thomas Tooke land adjacent to James Manning and Both Turner and Francis are avid students of history, who have researched their own families as well as the historical record of the rebellion. The collection includes family, business, and military papers of Boykin family members, chiefly 1830s through 1862. . Please enter valid email address to continue. Arthur Allen 1838), "Interview with Baily Cunningham" (1938) Noah Davis (1804-1867), A Narrative of the Life of Rev. Documents citing slaves go back to the 1690s: Thats when slavery starts to grow fast in Virginia and other English colonies, Levengood said. Mary Boykin Chesnut was born Mary Boykin Miller on March 31, 1823, in South Carolina. The actual number of slaveholders may be slightly lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and they would have been counted as a . Thomas Allen Legare, Jr. was a member of the South Carolina state house of representatives in the 1940s and 50s and a senator in the 1950s and 60s. Dah. ), 2. Parrish Family Cemetery : Brenda: Great Pee Dee Presbyterian Church Cemetery: 1998: Susan Turpin . Solomans farm was on Johns Island, where he grew cotton, indigo and potatoes. Following are the names and sometimes ages of enslaved people listed in three of James Boykins legal documents. died in Dec. 1886 Putnam County. When he died, his obituary praised him as a lifelong Christian and a man of a strong and well-cultivated mind." Bible of James Thomas Boykin (1855-1925). Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. 1. There is no way of knowing specifically when the mill was built. Today, the Legares own a 300-acre farm outside of Charleston. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Death: May 1860 (72) Choctaw Co,Alabama. Janes husband exclaimed just as she was knocked out to his master Glory to God on high, peace and good will to men on earth and it seemed to pop from his very soul. Mary Boykin Miller Chesnut was born on March 31, 1823, in Statesburg, South Carolina. Major Francis Boykin was born in 1754 and lived the early part of his life in Kershaw County, South Carolina. There are just some names youll hear over and over in Charleston. 45 Pinckney Street, Charleston, SC 29401, United States, Click here to Learn more about charlestons alleys and hidden passages, Click here to Learn more about charleston's most beautiful walk, Click here to Learn more about downtown charleston walking tour, Click here to Learn more about charleston private walking tours, Click here to Learn more about gift cards, Click here to Learn more about partner walking tours, Click here to Learn more about meet our guides, Click here to Learn more about charleston stories, Click here to return to Charleston Stories, Click here to email info@lowcountrywalkingtours.com, Click here to view location 45 Pinckney Street, Charleston, SC 29401, United States. Part of the The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections Repository. Joseph Henry - 8 3. Laura Trevelyan, a BBC correspondent who investigated her family's link to the slave trade, also pays 100,000 in reparations Andr Wright in Kingston, Jamaica Mon 27 Feb 2023 14.38 EST Last . (near The Terraces). Document 1: The traveler had stopped there on the way to Charleston from Washington, D.C. 2 volumes. It is said that after a small dog was found wandering near a Methodist church in Spartanburg, South Carolina, it was sent to train with a man named L. Whitaker Boykin, who taught it how to help hunters. This plantation dates to 1681 and was founded by Major John Boone, who was a descendant of Edward and John Rutledge, signers of the Declaration of Independence. White supremacists have called, so I must respond. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy. Their invocation of blood and soil should be a reminder of the Africans, African Americans and indigenous Americans whose blood was spilled on American soil. , Daniel to Boykin, James . Brother of Zilpha Boykin; William Boykin; Abraham Boykin . He patented 520 acres on the Blackwater in 1683 and 1814 GA and was living in Putnam County, GA with my GGG-Grandparents Eben and Jeanette BURNEY (Carloline was Eben's mother).My research leads me to believe that Caroline was last owned by Boykin Bennett ODOM of Putnam County, and Eben by one of the 6 BURNEY slave owner's in next-door Jasper County. Eben and Yet, according to Mrs. Chesnut, "Any lady is ready to tell you who is the father of all In 1870 Jasper County Arthur made the construction of a new bridge connecting Charleston and Mount Pleasant, South Carolina to replace the John P. Grace Memorial Bridge and Silas N. Pearman Bridge a cornerstone of his state senate campaign in 1996. Youre bound to hear about at least a few of them on your trip to the Holy City and now youll know exactly who they are. From left: Samuel Mitchell McAlister Jr.; Minerva Grubbs with the authors great-grandfather, James McAlister. Edward Boykin. Thomas isn't the only Charmer whose family name can be found throughout South Carolina. Henrys other son William married into the DuBose family and owned a plantation. First Generation 1650 Fort Boykin Isle of Wright, VA: 1. As diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut recalled of the enslavers around her, "Like the patriarchs of old our men live all in one house with their wives and their .