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A) wind direction Rain shadows are created as wind interacts with a mountain range. (t/f), During times of warmer temperature (summer), the atmospheric pressure is usually less. When rainfall increases in the supercell, rain can drag the mesocyclones down with it to the ground. 78) Theprimary forcewhich causes allwinds is: A) inertia force. You should view the short video on this so-called "effect" or "force." (The Coriolis Effect). The vertical component of the air motion is usually: divergence aloft and convergence at the surface. The famous summer monsoon, on the other hand, develops over the Indian Ocean, absorbing tremendous amounts of moisture. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. These pressure variations are often caused by: Circulations in the earth's atmosphere are fundamentally caused by: temperature contrasts between different locations. Although it decreased in intensity, the hurricane was tracked through the U.S. state of Florida before dissipating in the Canadian province of Newfoundland.Hurricanes can be destructive in other ways. Even people do it! Describe the surface wind direction and the winds aloft direction for the Northern Hemisphere on a More than 20,000 people died as a result of the hurricane as it made its way across Barbados, St. Lucia, Martinique, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Dominican Republic, Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, and Bermuda. If solar radiation is incident on the plate at a rate of 550W/m2550 W/m^2550W/m2 and the surrounding air temperature is 10C,10^\circ C,10C, determine the surface temperature of the plate when the heat loss by convection equals the solar energy absorbed by the plate. It can dry your clothes in summer and chill you to the bone in winter. Jet streams blow through a layer of the atmosphere called the stratosphere, at altitudes of 8 to 14 kilometers (5 to 9 miles) above Earths surface.There is little turbulence in the stratosphere, which is why commercial airline pilots like to fly in this layer. Why is the 500-mb level chart important for forecasting? Choose the term that does not belong in the following group, and explain why it does not belong: book lung, trachea, spiracle, and green gland. Pressure gradient force is the primary force influencing the formation of wind from local to global scales. Many people were confined to their homes for a week. c. pressure gradient force. The intense pressure at the base of the glacier causes some of the ice to melt, forming a thin layer of subglacial water. The slowly rotating blades can also kill birds and batsbut not nearly as many as cars, power lines, and high-rise buildings.The economic drawback to wind farms, however, is the wind itself. D) difference between the highest and lowest recorded pressure at any one weather station, B) balloon ascent from sea level to 3 miles. wind speed both wind speed and latitude, true or false: is stronger at the equator and deminishes as you move toward the poles, upper air winds: It is determined by the mass of the object and the object's rate of rotation. The Coriolis force is zero at the Equator. New Orleans, Louisiana, was almost completely devastated by Hurricane Katrina. Wind is a part of weather we experience all the time, but why does it actually happen? The primary force which causes all winds is a. inertia force. "Tornado Alley," a region that includes eastern South Dakota, southern Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, northern Texas, and eastern Colorado, is home to the most powerful and destructive of these storms.The most extreme tornado ever recorded occurred on March 18, 1925. T/F:Stormy weather is more closely associated with anticyclones than with cyclones. The geostrophic wind concept is most like the real atmospheric winds: When geostrophic conditions exist in the atmosphere, thenetforce on the moving air is: The geostrophic wind describes a situation where the air moves: If you stand with your back to the wind, there is low pressure on your left and high pressure on the right. When upper atmospheric winds blow parallel to the isobars along straight paths, they are termed ________ winds. It takes satellite imagery to see atmospheric motion and improve our ability to forecast weather. The term pressure gradient refers to: everywhere. C) travel from center of a low pressure system to center of a high pressure system Unit 1: Fresh Water: Scarcity or Surfeit? Convergence occurs near the equator (winds blow in towards one another) and Divergence occurs under the descending air that forms high-pressure belts. In Europe, ancient Greek myths refer to the Anemoi, or wind gods, as Boreas (north wind), Eurus (east wind), Notus (south wind), and Zephyrus (west wind). In both cases, pressure gradient force directs the wind directly perpendicular to the isobars, into the low pressure. The spiral (swirling counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere) develops as a high-pressure area twists around a low-pressure area.The Atlantic Oceans hurricane season peaks from mid-August to late October and averages five to six hurricanes per year.Wind conditions that can lead to hurricanes are called tropical disturbances. (In the Southern Hemisphere, low-pressure systems will be on your right. Acycloneis generally defined by meteorologists as: in the opposite direction of Earth's rotation. Typhoons form as equatorial winds and blow westward before turning north and merging with westerlies around the mid-latitudes. In addition to tropical depressions and tropical storms, there are five categories of hurricanes. In areas where tornadoes are common, many communities have tornado warning systems. The primary force which causes all winds is: air would move directly from high to low pressure. Identify the choice or choices above that represent(s) low pressure center(s). B) balloon ascent from sea level to 3 miles The Earth would have two large Hadley cells if it did not rotate. converging winds and ascending air result over the land. (t/f), Standard sea level atmospheric pressure in the U.S. is approximately 29.92 inches of mercury. Click Here for Text Alternative of Figure 27. starting the air motion, which of the influences the magnitude of the coriolis force: If the disturbance lasts for more than 24 hours and gets to speeds of 61 kph (38 mph), it becomes known as a tropical depression.When a tropical depression speeds up to 63-117 kph (39-73 mph), it is known as a tropical storm, and is given a name. Air. At what elevation will condensation begin inside the parcel? B) latitude Friction: Occurs when air molecules drag along the rough surface of the Earth, but decreases as height above the surface increases. The pressure gradient force is a major force in the air of the earth's atmosphere. The rising air creates a circulation cell, called a Hadley Cell, in which the air rises and cools at high altitudes moves outward (towards the poles) and, eventually, descends back to the surface. More than 277 centimeters (109 inches) of rain drenched Taiwan, leading to 461 deaths and $6.2 billion in damage.Noreasters and BlizzardsA nor'easter is a strong winter storm combining heavy snowfall, strong winds, and very cold temperatures. are generally faster than surface winds National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Summer monsoons bring warmth and precipitation to India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.The summer monsoon is essential for the health and economies of the Indian subcontinent. The eye is surrounded by a violent circular eye wall. This is where the storms strongest winds and rain are.Hurricane Ethel, the strongest hurricane in recorded history, roared across the Gulf of Mexico in September 1960. As the dense, moist winds of the storm encounter the drier winds of the coast, the storm can increase in intensity.Strong trade winds are associated with a lack of precipitation, while weak trade winds carry rainfall far inland. Winds were sustained at 260 kph (160 mph). This form of seed dispersal is called anemochory. Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts. geostrophic force. National Geographic Environment: Wind Power, National Geographic Environment: Harness the Power of Wind. Tertiary circulation: it includes all the local winds which are produced by local causes such as topographical features, sea influences, etc. Kamikazetranslated as divine windswere major typhoons that destroyed the invading Mongolian Navy off the coast of Japan in the late 1200s. The Coriolis force, therefore, acts in a north-south direction. Winds generally blow from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.The boundary between these two areas is called a front. Hurricane Frances had a region of 80-kmph wind 500 km wide on September 4. When representing wind direction numerically, winds from the north are associated with: T/F:Of the various elements of weather and climate, changes in air pressure are probably the most easily perceived by people. Which type of meteorological instrument is used to collect the necessary data for the production of upper-level weather charts? centripetal force ANSWER: Most of the water on Earth is stored ___. Since gases behave differently at different temperatures, that means you also get pockets with high pressure and pockets with low pressure. The best explanation for the cause of atmospheric pressure is: The National Weather Service measures air pressure in the unit of a millibar, which is equivalent to: If the National Weather Service converted to the metric system, they would most likely report air pressure in which units? The wind is the condition of speedy movement of air. 12 describes a hurricane, and 13-17 are reserved only for tropical typhoons, the most powerful and potentially destructive wind systems.An anemometer is a device for measuring wind speed. Hadley Cells, shown as red circles, are formed as the air rises. The scale is named for Sir Francis Beaufort, who established a system for describing wind force in 1805 for the British Royal Navy. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. inward and clockwise The wind speed normally increases with height in the layer of air next to the ground. unequal solar heating of the earth directly causes large-scale winds, called the jet stream. Find out how hurricanes and tornadoes form. T/F:At a given pressure value, the air density will be highest when the temperature is coldest. Even strong winds are often short in duration.Trade WindsTrade winds are the powerful prevailing winds that blow from the east across the tropics. In Aztec mythology, the four wind gods were Mictlanpachecatl (north wind), Tlalocayotl (east wind), Vitztlampaehecatl (south wind), and Cihuatecayotl (west wind).Other mythologies recognize one supreme god of the wind: Enlil of Sumeria, Amun in ancient Egypt, Fujin in Japan's Shinto culture, Fei Lan of ancient China, and Vayu, the Hindu god of wind. The primary force which causes ALL winds is: Neglecting friction, the speed and direction of the horizontal wind are determined by: The pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure: change in pressure along a horizontal surface, lines connecting points of equal air pressure. The massive 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, an island volcano in Indonesia, had even more dramatic atmospheric results. The pressure-gradient force (PGF) is a vector which points from higher pressure to lower pressure while crossing isobars at a right angle. Wind is caused by air flowing from high pressure to low pressure. (t/f), Low air pressure zones are associated with cloudy skies and stormy weather. Air near the equator is heated and rises as indicated by the red arrows. The pilot flies directly north following a straight line, but arrives at a city some distance to the west of City B. C) Low wind speeds strongest deflection (This warm, low-pressure equatorial wind descends again around the horse latitudes. On the other hand, sinking air creates high pressure at the surface where it descends. its rotation The cause of the clockwise spiraling motion is: Identify the choice above that represents high pressure center in the Southern Hemisphere. As wind approaches a mountain, it brings moisture with it, which condenses as rain and other precipitation before coming over the crest of the mountain. They always blow from cold, high-pressure regions. What is a limitation of an altimeter that pilots must account for? The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. (t/f), Air pressure is exerted in all directions. convergence at the surface The Levant, the Mideast region in the eastern Mediterranean, does not experience the levant.Loo: strong, hot summer wind that blows across northern India from the arid deserts to the west, and is only stopped by the arrival of the monsoon. T/F:Theprevailing windis defined as the instantaneous direction of the wind at the moment of observation. E) air density. (t/f), The Coriolis effect only applies to atmospheric motions; aircraft, rockets, people, etc. The converging surface wind pattern of a low causes rising motion. Rising air undergoes adiabatic cooling, which assists in the formation of clouds. The Coriolis effect influences the wind by: Which of these factors influence the magnitude of the Coriolis force? Driven by westerlies, the powerful Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) rushes around the continent (from west to east) at about 4 kilometers per hour (2.5 miles per hour). Meteorologists convert all atmospheric pressure data to the equivalent sea-level air pressure in order to: If you want to locate the centers of high and low pressure systems, you will need a map that has: A cyclone is generally defined by meteorologists as: in the opposite direction of Earth's rotation. This is something that happens in nature all the time: things always try to even out. A) horizontal airplane flight of 200 miles Currents are cohesive streams of seawater that circulate through the ocean. (t/f), Gradient winds follow a curved path. 25 Q The pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure: A Figure 25. T/F: The most important force causing the wind is due to the earth's rotation. Horizontal variations in air pressure cause a force which makes the wind blow. (t/f), The inventor of the mercury barometer was Sir Francis Bacon (t/f), If the pressure at sea level were 1020 millibars, it would be considered higher than average. e. Coriolis effect. Millions of farmers, especially those in the U.S. states of Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas, lost their land when they were unable to harvest any crops.However devastating to the economy, wind is an important way plants disperse seeds. centrifugal force. According to researchers at University of Colorado Denver, what was the most important factor in the high number of home runs at Coors Field? The official name for kamikaze strategy is tokktai. More specifically, its differences in temperature between different areas. Divergencein the atmosphere is best defined as: Which of the following has the smallest impact on winds?