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The stratosphere is located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. The wind, which is the air current, is generated when the hot air rises and gets replaced by colder air. Theexosphereis really, really big. It also consists of a layer known as the ozone layer, a blanket of ozone that absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun. Composed of mostly nitrogen and oxygen, the stratosphere also contains the ozone layer. This layer is 22 miles (35 kilometers) thick. Because of this temperature stratification, there is little convection and mixing in the stratosphere, so the layers of air there are quite stable. The ozone layer helps protect us from ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. Bacterial life survives in the stratosphere, making it a part of the biosphere. A.A. Scaife, J.R. Knight, G.K. Vallis, C.K. It also allows the airplane to stay above the turbulent weather of the troposphere. Although some experts consider the thermosphere to be the uppermost layer of our atmosphere, others consider the exosphere to be the actual "final frontier" of Earth's gaseous envelope. The ionosphere is not a distinct layer like the others mentioned above. But there are no mountains high enough to reach the stratosphere, so you dont have to worry about that. It is called stratosphere because it is stratified in temperature, with warmer layers higher up and cooler layers farther down. The stratosphere is the second layer of the Earth's atmosphere, laying just above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. Acid rains form when nitrogen oxide or Sulphur dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere. Requested URL: byjus.com/chemistry/stratosphere/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 15_5 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/15.5 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1. Hare, J.R. Knight. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. It is easy & understandable to view our atmosphere as a continuous layer of air. The jet stream flows near the border between the troposphere and the stratosphere. A good percentage of the earths population breathes contaminated air, primarily sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide emitted by industrial factories. Ozone in turn is photolysed much more rapidly than molecular oxygen as it has a stronger absorption that occurs at longer wavelengths, where the solar emission is more intense. The ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters the . The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which shields the Earth from harmful radiation emitted from the Sun. At an altitude of 100 km above sea level, a border represents the separation between the atmosphere and outer space. - This is the second layer of the atmosphere from the surface of the earth, and lies between the troposphere and the mesosphere. UCAR/Randy Russell That means that to get to outer space, you have to be really far from Earth. Interesting Facts About Mercury. It lies above the troposphere, the layer closest to Earth, and below the mesosphere. - There are no clouds in the layer, and though . The air density is also very low, making it less turbulent to travel through. Ice clouds form in this layer which is visible when lighted from beneath during sunset. Mercury's magnetic field is different at its poles. . This site is owned and operated by Autumn Skies Online Pty Ltd, a limited liability company headquartered in Somerset West, South Africa. The latter value is about halfway to the Moon! Luckily the situation has improved since the ban of chlorofluorocarbon. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2','ezslot_3',116,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2','ezslot_4',116,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2-0_1');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2','ezslot_5',116,'0','2'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2-0_2');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2','ezslot_6',116,'0','3'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-ownyourweather_com-large-billboard-2-0_3'); .large-billboard-2-multi-116{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:3px !important;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;margin-top:3px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:250px;min-width:300px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}Recent Posts, Copyright 2023 by Own Your Weather. Ozone is a chemical compound consisting of three oxygen atoms. This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. Planes and jets will sometimes. As you rise through the troposphere, the temperature decreases to around -60 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperatures in the ozone belt are higher than in the troposphere since the ozone absorbs the ultraviolet rays. The Brief Overview. Due to this effect, temperatures in the stratosphere actually increase from about negative {eq}60 {/eq} F up to about negative {eq}5 {/eq} F with altitude. There are a few other atmospheric layers as well -- you can take a look at a diagram of these below. The mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere (above the troposphere and stratosphere.) - Structure, Solubility & Products, Arrow Pushing Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Topicity in Stereochemistry: Relationships & Examples, Antarafacial & Suprafacial Relationships in Organic Chemistry, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. We take a closer look at the stratosphere and its defining characteristics. The other four layers include the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. Approximately 90 percent of the atmosphere's ozone occurs in the stratosphere, the region extending from 10-18 km (6-11 miles) to approximately 50 km (about 30 miles) above Earth's surface. Heat is produced in the process of the formation of Ozone, and this heat is responsible for . The stratosphere is one of the 5 layers of the atmosphere, situated above the troposphere and below the mesosphere at an altitude of 10 km (6 miles), extending to 50 km (30 miles). Without the stratosphere, life on Earth would be very different or non-existent, as the shielding of the sun's radiation is important for known Earth life. This layer separates the rest of the atmosphere from outer space. The ozone layer is situated within this layer. It extends above the tropopause to an altitude of 50 km above the earth. One wild characteristic of the stratosphere is a phenomenon that occurs, which is known as blue jets. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. 14. Large volcanic eruptions and major meteorite impacts can fling aerosol particles up into the stratosphere where they may linger for months or years, sometimes altering Earth's global climate. The stratosphere is where youll find the very important ozone layer. As you go up, it becomes colder. Above the troposphere and below the mesosphere, we have the stratosphere. The Earth's atmosphere is made up of roughly 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.1% other gases. Mesosphere lies between 50-85 km above sea level. 3090 Center Green Drive, Boulder, CO 80301, Virtual Ballooning to Explore the Atmosphere, ACOM | Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling, CISL | Computational & Information Systems, EdEC | Education, Engagement & Early-Career Development, Government Relations & External Engagement. As you might imagine, the "air" in the exosphere is very, very, very thin, making this layer even more space-like than the thermosphere. Troposphere is the thinnest and closest layer to the earths surface. The definition of the stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, extending from about 6 miles to 30 miles, or 10km to 50km, above the Earth's surface. Solar ultraviolet radiation (sunlight) separates an oxygen molecule into two different oxygen atoms in the first step. Strat means layer. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. They are much similar to warm breath during cold weather. This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. Facts About Stratosphere Published: April 3, 2016 The stratosphere is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. Temperature increases with height until the estimated top of the thermosphere at 500 km. The importance of the stratosphere is highlighted by the presence of the ozone layer, without which no life on Earth will be possible. The stratosphere is a layer of Earths atmosphere. From space, the earth is seen as a blue halo. (Learn more about Nacreous or Polar Stratospheric Clouds in this article.). This vertical stratification, with warmer layers above and cooler layers below, makes the stratosphere dynamically stable: there is no regular convection and associated turbulence in this part of the atmosphere. It is in the thermosphere that the space shuttle flew. Meteorological phenomena are limited to the troposphere since they result from the earths rotation and suns radiation on the atmosphere. Ozone is a gas made up of three oxygen atoms (O 3). Stratosphere is the second layer. It is the highest layer. [24], Seinfeld, J. H., and S. N.(2006), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change 2nd ed, Wiley, New Jersey. 10. This allows the stratosphere to have an increasing temperature with altitude. This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. Fun Stratosphere Facts for Kids. OH is formed by the reaction of electrically excited oxygen atoms produced by ozone photolysis, with water vapor. [20], Some bird species have been reported to fly at the upper levels of the troposphere. As it absorbs the UV light, it absorbs energy. Because of this, the top of the thermosphere can be found anywhere between 500 and 1,000 km (311 to 621 miles) above the ground. Along with the neutral upper atmosphere, the ionosphere forms the boundary between Earth's lower atmosphere where we live and breathe and the vacuum of space. Scientists have been warning people for many years about the damage we are doing to the ozone layer. Unlike the troposphere however it is colder closer to the earth and warmer as it gets closer to the mesosphere. The stratosphere has many defining features that make it a unique part of the atmosphere. During northern hemispheric winters, sudden stratospheric warmings, caused by the absorption of Rossby waves in the stratosphere, can be observed in approximately half of winters when easterly winds develop in the stratosphere. The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space. The biosphere extends from the deepest root systems of trees, to the dark environments of ocean trenches, to lush rain forests, high mountaintops, and transition zones like this one, where ocean and terrestrial ecosystems meet. Ozone, which is actually a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms linked together by covalent bonds, absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation that enters the Earth's atmosphere as part of sunlight. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere. 4. The temperatures at the different atmospheric layers differ depending on solar radiation, humidity, and altitude. Facts About The Mesosphere What It Is And Its Defining Characteristics, The 5 Layers Of The Atmosphere Their Composition, Characteristics, And Importance Explained, Fallstreak Holes: What They Are And How They Form, Bubble Clouds: Defining Mammatus Clouds And How They Form, Noctilucent Clouds: Defining Night Shining Clouds And How They Form. As previously mentioned, the stratosphere is one of the five layers that make up the Earth's atmosphere. On October 24, 2014, Alan Eustace became the record holder for reaching the altitude record for a manned balloon at 135,890ft (41,419m). Polar Stratospheric Clouds develop in this layer near the poles at an altitude of 15 - 25 kilometers. Create an account to start this course today. The coldest temperatures in Earth's atmosphere, about -90 C (-130 F), are found near the top of this layer. [11] This optimizes fuel efficiency, mostly due to the low temperatures encountered near the tropopause and low air density, reducing parasitic drag on the airframe. Certain bird species like the common crane, whooper swan, and the Rppel's griffon vulture are capable of flying in the lower stratosphere. A rare type of electrical discharge, somewhat akin to lightning, occurs in the stratosphere. "Strat" means layer. The thermosphere is home to the International Space Station as it orbits Earth. The stratosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. Such is the case for ozone-destroying chemicals called CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons). The stratosphere is home to the ozone layer, which is a thin layer of concentrated ozone which plays an essential role in protecting the Earth from dangerous solar radiation. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The troposphere starts at the Earth's surface and extends 8 to 14.5 kilometers high (5 to 9 miles). Moving upward from ground level, these layers are called the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Aurora is also referred to as polar light. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Most airplanes or jets travel in the lower part of the stratosphere. Some of these waves and tides carry energy from the troposphere upward into the stratosphere, others convey energy from the stratosphere up into the mesosphere. It keeps us warm, gives us oxygen to breathe, and it is where our weather happens. The troposphere, the lowest layer, is right below the stratosphere. [4] The temperature inversion is in contrast to the troposphere, near the Earth's surface, where temperature decreases with altitude. Just above that is the stratosphere, the area of the atmosphere where passenger airplanes and weather balloons fly. Providing an environment conducive to good instruction and motivation in which there is an atmosphere of self-motivation and self-discipline in the areas of personal development, character, and academic integrity. Just like the troposphere, its depth varies with latitude. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stratosphere&oldid=1140010063, This page was last edited on 18 February 2023, at 00:23. The greenhouse gases increase the effect making the earths surface to be warmer than usual. This article focus on the stratosphere, Earth's second layer. Although on average the stratosphere begins at about 7 miles up from the earth's surface, it can range from 5 miles at the earth's poles, to 6-8 miles at moderate latitudes, to 11 miles at the equator. Be grateful! The ozone layer absorbs the majority of these rays, shielding life from harmful radiation. The stratosphere is located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is situated just above the troposphere, with a thin layer of air called the tropopause separating the two layers. Its upper edge has maximum ozone concentration, referred to as the ozone belt. However, as you enter the stratosphere, the ozone gas absorbs the ultraviolet light entering the atmosphere from the sun. The thermosphere extends from about 90 km to 500 kmand 1,000 km above our planet. The temperature increases to about negative {eq}5 {/eq} F in the stratosphere. You might have seen planes leaving white condensation trails. They are found at altitudes of 15 to 25 km (9.3 to 15.5 miles) and form only when temperatures at those heights dip below -78 C. They appear to help cause the formation of the infamous holes in the ozone layer by "encouraging" certain chemical reactions that destroy ozone. The composition of the atmosphere of each celestial body is different. The stratosphere is located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. Endeavoring to achieve professional growth through ongoing development of skills and using new and accepted methods of . 25. As a meteor begins to enter this layer, it rapidly bumps into mesosphere particles and scrapes against them. Planes that are low on fuel also fly at this altitude because they can cover more distance than in the troposphere while using less fuel and encountering less turbulence. Between the troposphere and stratosphere is the tropopause border that demarcates the beginning of the temperature inversion. 8. Most of the clouds form in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. The bottom of the stratosphere is around 10 km (6.2 miles or about 33,000 feet) above the ground at middle latitudes. It extends from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above our planet. I feel like its a lifeline. The atmosphere is about 500 km thick, with a mix of more than ten different gases. 18. As harmful UV rays from the sun become absorbed in the ozone layer, this layer heats up. 19. It is possible to send research balloons into the stratosphere. The lack of particles in the air causes less friction to hold an aircraft back, which requires less power to travel faster and further. The stratosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen. It keeps us warm, it gives us oxygen to breathe, and its where our weather happens. The particles in the exosphere do not behave like gases. These are generated when cold atmospheric air blends with the hot, humid exhaust. The HO2 radical produced by the reaction of OH with O3 is recycled to OH by reaction with oxygen atoms or ozone. These "blue jets" appear above thunderstorms, and extend from the bottom of the stratosphere up to altitudes of 40 or 50 km (25 to 31 miles). The height of the bottom of the stratosphere varies with latitude and with the seasons. In addition, solar proton events can significantly affect ozone levels via radiolysis with the subsequent formation of OH. The layer made of layers. Ozone is a blue pungent-smelling gas that helps to absorb the ultraviolet radiation in the sun rays. The waves and tides influence the flows of air in the stratosphere and can also cause regional heating of this layer of the atmosphere. 2 It extends from a height of approximately 65 km (40 miles) to 85 km (53 miles) above the Earth's surface.