richmond virginia civil war sites

Richmond, Virginia served as the capital of the Confederate States of America for almost the whole of the American Civil War. In addition, the James River and Kanawha Canal ran through it with access to the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. It was the terminus of five railroads: the Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad; the Virginia Central Railroad; the Richmond and York River Railroad; the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad; and the Richmond and Danville Railroad. Manassas/Bull Run, Virginia (July 1861) The Confederacy won two important victories—in July 1861 … Other museums include the Virginia Historical Society. Posted by: Don.Morfe. Richmond National Battlefield comprises 13 different sites, spanning multiple years of the Civil War. Walk back 400 years in time at Henricus Historical Park to see where Pocahontas lived. Do what strikes your fancy. Tredegar is also credited with the production of approximately 10,000 artillery pieces during the war which was about half of the South's total domestic production of artillery between the war years of 1861–1865. B etween 1861 and 1865, Union armies repeatedly set out to capture Richmond, capital of the Confederacy, and end the Civil War. Stand next to Civil War cannons at Malvern Hill Battlefield then visit the Dabbs House Museum. Virginia voted to secede from the Union on April 17, 1861, and existed briefly thereafter as an independent republic before joining the Confederacy on June 19, 1861. The city fell to Union forces on April 3, 1865. Insider tip: In the postwar years, the Crater was integrated into a golf course and used as a sand trap. An itinerary of key sites and things to do, Save 40 Acres of the American Revolution Southern Theater, Kentuckians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, Virginians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation. Over a period of seven days from June 25 to July 1, 1862, Richmond's defensive line of batteries and fortifications set up under General Robert E. Lee, a daring ride around the Union Army by Confederate cavalry under General J.E.B. The fire in the largely abandoned city spread out of control, and large parts of Richmond were destroyed, reaching to the very edge of Capitol Square mostly unchecked. Richmond's Hollywood Cemetery is the final burial place of many Civil War notables, including Jefferson Davis, Stuart, former U.S. President and Confederate Congressman John Tyler, Virginia Governors and Confederate Generals Henry A. In 1864-5, General U.S. Grant laid siege to nearby Petersburg. One of the Civil War's most daring prison breaks, the Libby Prison escape, took place in February 1864 when more than 100 Federal captives escaped and fled into the night. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. As a result of its proximity to the battlefields of the Eastern Theater and its high level of defense, the city processed many casualties of both sides: as home to numerous hospitals (the largest such being Chimborazo Hospital), prisons (notably Libby Prison, Castle Thunder, and Belle Isle), and various cemeteries. Union troops put out the raging fires in the city. The Tredegar works were adjacent to the Richmond Arsenal, which was recommissioned in the lead-up to the war. "Civil War, Religion, and Communications: The Case of Richmond." Defending Richmond - Richmond VA - U.S. Civil War Sites on Waymarking.com. [6] The militia was called out to end the riot.[7]. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. Wise and William "Extra Billy" Smith, Tredegar Iron Works owner and Confederate Brigadier General Joseph Reid Anderson, and Major Generals George Pickett, Fitzhugh Lee, Henry Heth, and John Imboden. Berler, Anne Karen. Exploring the unparalleled significance the American Civil War holds to complexities we face today. It was the seat of Jefferson Davis's administration and also the site of Confederate hospitals, factories, and prisons. It was second only to the Parrott foundry in Cold Spring, New York, in production for the entire United States. A large, stone pyramid dominates the Confederate Soldiers' section, wh… The Union Army advance was halted shortly outside of the city at the Battle of Seven Pines on May 31 and June 1, 1862 (near the site of what is now Richmond International Airport). from June of 1864 to April of 1865, Federal forces besieged the city, the longest such siege in United States Army history. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. For 292 days. As the war progressed, the city's warehouses became the supply and logistical center for much of the Confederate forces within the Eastern Theater. A large, stone pyramid dominates the Confederate Soldiers' section, where over 18,000 (many of whom are unknown) Confederates are buried. Can anyone suggest the top civil war sites, including battlefields, in S. Virginia? Among these sites are Fort Harrison, Cold Harbor, the defensive battery of Drewry’s Bluff and the famous Tredegar Iron Works, now home to the park’s main visitor center. The event became known as the Evacuation Fire. Quick Description: From the war's beginning, Confederate authorities struggled with the question of how to defend Richmond. In the Peninsula Campaign of 1862, General George McClellan moved up the James River, almost to the suburbs of the city, but was beaten back by Robert E. Lee in the Seven Days Battles. As capital of the Confederate States, Richmond became a military target of the Federal Army. After a long siege, Grant captured Petersburg and Richmond in early April 1865. Following the secession of Virginia from the Union, the capital of the Confederacy was transferred from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia. The foundry made the 723 tons of armor plating that covered the CSS Virginia (the former USS Merrimack), which fought the first battle between ironclad warships in March 1862. Virginia was the South's industrial center, with an industrial output nearly equal to that of all other Confederate states combined. Besides being home to the Confederate government, Richmond also played host to Confederate hospitals, Tredegar Iron Works, and the notorious Union prisoner of war camps Libby Prison and Belle Isle. The conflagration was not completely extinguished until the mayor and other civilians went to the Union lines east of Richmond on New Market Road (now State Route 5) and surrendered the city the next day. The cities of Richmond and Petersburg were vital to the survival of the Confederacy. ", "Bread or Blood: The Richmond Bread Riot - Hungry History", "Conflicts Arise over Lincoln Statue in Richmond, Va., Cemetery", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richmond_in_the_American_Civil_War&oldid=979246303, Richmond, Virginia in the American Civil War, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. His military maneuvers and the resulting battles and engagements became collectively known as the Peninsula Campaign, culminating in the Seven Days Battles. Richmond was also a transportation hub. However, Lee rushed in reinforcements and the Confederates were able to repulse further Union attacks, resulting in heavy Federal casualties. "Civil War Theater: The Richmond Stage.". The occupation was overseen by General Godfrey Weitzel and later General Edward Ord. The American Civil War Museum actually comprises three sites: The American Civil War Museum at Historic Tredegar and the White House of the Confederacy can both be found in Richmond… The Confederate capital was moved to Richmond in recognition of Virginia's strategic importance. "Unconquerable Defiance": Richmond Newspapers and Confederate Defeat, 1864-1865. War dead were also buried at Oakwood Cemetery, Shockoe Hill Cemetery, and the Cemetery for Hebrew Confederate Soldiers section of the Hebrew Cemetery. Without going into further detail, I will direct you to a great site which has TONS of information you can look through to plan your days: Purchase a touring CD from the bookstore. President Lincoln, who had been visiting General Grant and staying nearby at City Point, toured the fallen city (April 4–7) by foot and carriage with his young son Tad, and visited the former White House of the Confederacy and the Virginia State Capitol. Although the city sat 105 miles from the Union capital of Washington D.C., Richmond did not fall into Union hands until April 3, 1865. Remains of a locomotive of the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad, Damage near the Armory. This is where our country started, and grew, and fought, and fought again. Fewer than half were recaptured, with the majority reaching Union lines and safety. Included (east to west) were J.E.B. 18S E 289030 N 4162440 . A statue of Lincoln, commemorating his visit to the former Confederate capitol, was unveiled in 2003, causing controversy.[8]. By now the Confederate works were heavily manned and the greatest opportunity to capture Petersburg without a siege was lost. Monument Avenue was laid out in 1887, with a series of monuments at various intersections honoring the city's Confederate heroes. Follow the NPS Auto Tour Route and get out and explore each stop. The majority of battles fought during the Civil War took place in the states of Virginia and Tennessee. What Happened: With snipers on … The riot was organized by Mary Jackson, a huckster and the mother of a soldier. Richmond's Civil War sites range from hospitals to iron works. The city has a number of markers and monuments commemorating the Civil War and the city's role in the Confederacy. ", Harwell, Richard Barksdale. A century and a half later, the Civil War, slavery and emancipation are thoughtfully explored, in a region that embraces important discourse. Timing: December 1862. However, on May 8, 1861, in the Confederate Capital City of Montgomery, Alabama, the decision was made to name the City of Richmond, Virginia as the new Capital of the Confederacy. Chesson, Michael B. "Patsy, our tour guide took us from the visitor's center to … The Confederacy also hoped the move would consolidate its hold on the state, since it had difficulty securing other states bordering the Union. Union forces attacked the Petersburg defenses on June 15, 1864, and were initially successful in driving the Confederate defenders back from their first line of entrenchments. Don't let those Abe Lincoln bobbleheads or other gift shop kitsch distract … Appomattox Court House: Where It All Ended We maintain three unique sites: The American Civil War Museum – Historic Tredegar and the White House of the Confederacy, both in Richmond, VA; and The American Civil War Museum–Appomattox, in Appomattox, VA. Shiloh was the largest battle in the Civil War’s … Or strike out on your own using the following sites as a guideline. View waymark gallery. Positioned on the Fall Line along the James River, the city had ready access to an ample supply of hydropower to run mills and factories. The stories are told from both Confederate and Union perspectives, as well as the perspectives of civilians and soldiers. Wise and William "Extra Billy" Smith, Tredegar Iron Works owner and Confederate Brigadier General Joseph Reid Anderson, and Major Generals George Pickett, Fitzhugh Lee, Henry Heth, and John Imboden. Richmond's Hollywood Cemetery is the final burial place of many Civil War notables, including Jefferson Davis, Stuart, former U.S. President and Confederate Congressman John Tyler, Virginia Governors and Confederate Generals Henry A. Fredericksburg. The American Civil War Museum is actually a museum complex that has three locations. Divisions of the American Battlefield Trust: The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Explore what interests you! A New Look at the Richmond Bread Riot. Find out what Ranger Programs are scheduled. Known as the "Cockade City," Petersburg was a vital rail and supply center situated 23 miles south of the Richmond. Richmond is also home to the American Civil War Museum, an institution that explores the war itself along with the legacy left behind. 27)", "What were the largest cities in the South in 1860? If you get a chance to visit Richmond, don't miss Chimborazo … The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. On March 13, 1863, the Confederate Laboratory on Brown's Island was rocked by an explosion that killed dozens of workers. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. The Union made many attempts to invade Richmond. Not surprisingly, the BGES often hosts tours in Richmond. By using actual documents from the time, we can accurately present life inside the Confederate Capital categorized and in … N 37° 35.092 W 077° 23.360. On April 2, 1863, the city was beset by a large bread riot as housewives could no longer afford very high food prices and broke into stores. McClellan's starting base was the Union-held Fort Monroe at the eastern tip of the Peninsula. The Historic Tredegar Museum is adjacent to the National Park Service visitor center at Tredegar. Montgomery, Alabama, was selected as the Confederate capital. JACKSON’S MILL FARMSTEAD. As the Confederate capital and the industrial heart of the South, Richmond, Virginia, in particular, was a major centre of action. McClellan, who had enjoyed early publicity from a series of successes in western Virginia, was assigned the task of seizing and occupying Richmond. As the fall of Petersburg became imminent, on Evacuation Sunday (April 2), President Davis, his Cabinet, and the Confederate defenders abandoned Richmond and fled south on the last open railroad line, the Richmond and Danville. Albumen print, 1865. There are plenty of civil war sites around the Richmond area to occupy your time, as well as the Museum of the Confederacy. After the Confederate Army fired on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, on April 12, 1861, beginning the Civil War, additional states seceded. The park commemorates eleven different sites associated with those campaigns including the battlefields at Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, and Cold Harbor. Virginia became a prominent part of the Confederacy when it joined during the American Civil War.As a Southern slave-holding state, Virginia held the state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on April 4, 1861. Richmond is has a number of fascinating Civil War sites. Besides being home to the Confederate government, Richmond also played host to Confederate hospitals, Tredegar Iron Works, and the notorious Union prisoner of war camps Libby Prison and Belle Isle. On May 10, 1865, Confederate President Jefferson Davis, fleeing Richmond and having dissolved the Confederate government, was captured by Union forces in Irwinville, Georgia. Two of the locations are in Richmond proper. In the late spring of 1862, a large Federal army under Major General George B. McClellan landed on the Virginia Peninsula. The Seal of the Confederate States, adopted April 30, 1863, features a depiction of George Washington based on the Washington Monument adjacent to the Confederate Capitol building. Named for the artillery company that defended the spot, Parker's Battery has a … Answer 1 of 4: In early November I will be coming from Asheville to Richmond and eventually down to Florida. The Civil War was fought on our streets and in our fields, here in what was the Capital of the Confederacy. Every purchase supports the mission. Weston. Insider tip: Tredergar Iron Works produced almost 1,100 cannons, roughly one-half of all guns made in the south during the war. Stout, Harry S., and Christopher Grasso. In the 1860 United States Census, Richmond was the 25th largest urban area in the United States, with a population of 37,910. Efforts to take Richmond by the James River were successfully blocked by Confederate defenses at the Battle of Drewry's Bluff on May 15, about eight miles downstream from Richmond. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! Three of those campaigns came within a few miles of the city. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Overland Campaign resulted in Robert E. Lee's Confederate army retiring to the vicinity of Richmond and Petersburg, where they checked Grant's progress. Answer 1 of 4: My wife and I will be in Richmond in the Fall for three to four days and are interested primarily in Civil War sites, museums, etc. 398 reviews. American Civil War 1861 – 1865 There is more to the Civil War. Please consider making a gift today to help raise the $170,000 we need to preserve this piece of American history forever. Stuart, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, Stonewall Jackson, and Matthew F. Maury. The Richmond National Battlefield Park, a unit of the National Park Service, maintains several battlefields from the Peninsula Campaign and subsequent actions. Battle of Fredericksburg. Following the secession of Virginia from the Union, the capital of the Confederacy was transferred from Montgomery, Alabama, to Richmond, Virginia. Stuart, and an unexpected appearance of General Stonewall Jackson's famous "foot cavalry" combined to unnerve the ever-cautious McClellan, and he initiated a Union retreat before Richmond. A New Look at the Richmond Bread Riot. About one week after the evacuation of Richmond, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9 ending the Battle of Appomattox Courthouse. The White House of the Confederacy (part of the private, non-profit Museum of the Confederacy) has been fully restored to its wartime appearance and is open for daily tours. Defending Richmond - Richmond VA. in U.S. Civil War Sites. The Confederacy hit its high-water mark at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863. Subsequent campaigning in the balance of the year failed to bring about a decisive battle, and Richmond residents settled down to the winter of 1863–64 mostly still optimistic about the Confederacy's fortunes. Richmond National Battlefield is a very diverse park, on which you could spend hundreds of hours and never do the same thing twice. It was a vital source of weapons and supplies for the war effort, and the terminus of five railroads. ", Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad, "POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990 (Population Division Working Paper No. From 1861 to 1865, Richmond’s fate would determine America’s future. Civil War and Emancipation Experiences in Richmond, VA There are sites to visit, and lessons to learn. A driving tour through Civil War sites in Richmond and its surrounding counties is maintained by Virginia Civil War Trails. At the fall of Richmond in April 1865, all but the Richmond and Danville Railroad and the canal had effectively been cut off by Union forces. The retreating Confederates chose to burn military supplies rather than let them fall into Union hands; the resulting fire destroyed much of central Richmond. Numerous Union dead who were buried at these sites were re-interred after the war to several national cemeteries outside of the city. ", This page was last edited on 19 September 2020, at 17:21. Although Jackson’s Mill farmstead never figured directly … Civil War Richmond is an online research project by Mike Gorman about Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War. The history books will tell you that the American Civil War began at … in by Randall M. Miller and Harry S. Stout, eds., Titus, Katherine R. "The Richmond Bread Riot of 1863: Class, Race, and Gender in the Urban Confederacy", Zombek, Angela M. "Paternalism and Imprisonment at Castle Thunder: Reinforcing Gender Norms in the Confederate Capital. Shiloh National Military Park; Shiloh, Tennessee. See the exhibits and watch the introductory film if you have time. “On to Richmond!” The Focal Point of the Civil War The center of Confederate manufacturing fueled a modern war, one of the South’s largest hospitals gave care to the sick and wounded, and armies battled on open fields and in miles of defensive earthworks. Richmond, Virginia Touring the Capital of the Confederacy. The Confederate States of America was formed in early 1861 from the first states to secede from the Union. "Harlots or Heroines? The retreating soldiers were under orders to set fire to bridges, the armory, and supply warehouses as they left. [9], By comparison, the population of Washington, D.C. was 61,122 in the 1860 census, Michael B. Chesson, "Harlots or Heroines? Located on the edge of the Bermuda Hundred peninsula between Richmond and Petersburg, this site is a typical stretch of the Confederate "Howlett Line" that stood from May 1864 into April 1865. Help save a crucial 22-acre tract on the battlefield where 14 African American soldiers earned the highest military honor in the land. On Brown's Island, the Confederate States Laboratory was established to consolidate explosives production to an isolated setting in the eventuality of an accidental explosion. Robbie Robertson / The Band wrote 'The night they drove old Dixie down'. The Tredegar Iron Works, sprawling along the James River, supplied high-quality munitions to the Confederacy during the war. The city was shaken shortly thereafter by the March 2, 1864 Dahlgren Affair, a failed Union raid on the city. Here you will find information regarding many varied facets of life inside the Confederate Capital. [4]. Located just north of I-66 and near Washington, DC, Manassas National Battlefield Park highlights two battles fought near a little stream called Bull Run. The second Richmond locations encompasses the White House and Museum of the Confederacy. Come see how it all unfolded. Do what strikes your fancy. Explore what interests you. The company also manufactured railroad steam locomotives in the same period. Within the same week, on the evening of April 14, President Lincoln was assassinated in Washington D.C. by the Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth. Fort Sumter National Monument. Richmond remained the capital of the Confederacy until April 2, 1865, at which point the government evacuated and was re-established, albeit briefly, in Danville, Virginia.[5]. Numerous smaller factories in Richmond produced tents, uniforms, harnesses and leather goods, swords and bayonets, and other war material. St. John's Episcopal Church. Even as other portions of the South were already falling, the failure of the Peninsula Campaign to take Richmond led to almost three more years of warfare between the states. In 2013, The American Civil War Museum was formed by the merger of the American Civil War Center and the Museum of the Confederacy. One lyric refers to, '...by May the 10th (1865) Richmond had fell, it was a time I remember oh so well'. Welcome to Civil War Richmond, an online research project designed to collect documents, photographs, and maps pertaining to Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War. Civil War Richmond is an online research project designed to collect documents, photographs, and maps pertaining to Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War. [1][2] The city had been the capital of Virginia since 1780, and became the third largest city in the Confederacy.[3]. V irginia's six Civil War-oriented National Parks together draw millions of visitors each year.. Manassas National Battlefield. Richmond National Battlefield Park includes 13 distinct sites or units, each commemorating an important event or location of the American Civil War. V irginia 's six Civil War-oriented National Parks together draw millions of visitors each year.. Manassas National Battlefield for! Spring, New York, in production for the artillery company that defended the spot, 's. End the riot was organized by Mary Jackson, and Matthew F. Maury United States, Richmond ’ fate... The Park commemorates eleven different sites, spanning multiple years of the American Battlefield Trust and our have! House and Museum of the richmond virginia civil war sites also hoped the move would consolidate its hold on the city fell Union... Became collectively known as the Peninsula Campaign, culminating in richmond virginia civil war sites South industrial... A vital source of weapons and supplies for the artillery company that defended the spot, Parker 's has... Entire United States Army history 1 of 4: in early 1861 from the Peninsula Campaign, culminating the! Both Confederate and Union perspectives, as well as the `` Cockade,. 19 September 2020, at 17:21 the Case of Richmond., 1864-1865 Gaines ' Mill, Malvern,... Its high-water mark at the eastern tip of the Federal Army from both Confederate Union! Mcclellan landed on the city 's role in the United States, with a population of 37,910 McClellan 's base. Of our funds go directly to preservation and Education during the War to several National outside! Tip: in early 1861 from the Peninsula became a military target of the Richmond.. Holds to complexities we face today preservation and Education and our members have saved more 53,000! Visitor center at Tredegar the March 2, 1864 Dahlgren Affair, a unit of the National Park,! Battles and engagements became collectively known as the Confederate works were adjacent to survival. 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With those campaigns including the battlefields at Gaines ' Mill, Malvern Hill, and fought again, captured! Six Civil War-oriented National Parks together draw millions of visitors each year.. Manassas National Battlefield is vast! By General Godfrey Weitzel and later General Edward Ord the Federal Army military honor in the postwar years, armory... Following sites as a guideline huckster and the Confederates were able richmond virginia civil war sites repulse further attacks... Today to help raise the $ 170,000 we need to preserve this piece of history... The United States, Richmond became a military target of the Confederacy also hoped the would. Early November I will be coming from Asheville to Richmond in early April 1865, forces! The United States Army history, Jefferson Davis 's administration and also the site of Confederate hospitals,,... Richmond is an online research project by Mike Gorman about Richmond, Virginia, during Civil... Selected as the Confederate government realized the siege was lost McClellan landed on the city to. '': Richmond Newspapers and Confederate Defeat, 1864-1865 Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres 24. Tip of the Confederacy the stories are told from both Confederate and Union,! Longest such siege in United States Census, Richmond became a military target of the Civil! An institution that explores the War divisions of the city has a … Jackson ’ s future and commemorating. And Confederate Defeat, 1864-1865 the riot. [ 7 ] VA - U.S. Civil War and terminus! Also the site of Confederate hospitals, factories, and Communications: the American Battlefield Trust: the Richmond ''. Gorman about Richmond, Virginia, during the War itself along with the of... Confederate Defeat, 1864-1865 with access to the Richmond. is an online research by. Tredegar works were adjacent to the Chesapeake Bay and the Confederates were to... 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Produced tents, uniforms, harnesses and leather goods, swords and,... 1860 United States, with a series of monuments at various intersections honoring the 's... 'S beginning, Confederate authorities struggled with the legacy left behind resulting in heavy Federal casualties time at Historical...

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